大本经（梵文本）

kim eṣa sārathe puruṣa utpaṇḍūtpāṇḍukaḥ kṛśa rukṣo durvarṇa vyatibhinnendriya no ca nibandhanīyo bahujanasya cakṣuṣo darśanāya

eṣa deva puruṣo vyādhito nāma

kim eṣa sārathe vyādhito nāma

anena deva puruṣeṇa sthānam etad vidyate yad anenaivābādhena martavyaṃ bhaviṣyati sa eṣa deva vyādhito nāma

aham api sārathe vyādhidharmā vyādhidharmatāṃ cā[nat]ītaḥ

devo['p]i [vy]ādhidha[rmā vyā]dhidharmatāṃ cānatītaḥ

tena hi sārathe pratinivartaya ratham antaḥpuram eva gaccha yad aham antaḥpuramadhyagata etam evārthaṃ [cintayiṣ]y[āmi v]y[ādhiṃ] k[i]l[āha]m avyativṛttaḥ

pratinivartayati sārathī ratham antaḥpuram eva yāti tatredānīṃ Vipaśyī bodhisatva antaḥpuramadhyagata

athāpratītaḥ karuṇāni dhyāti vyādh[iṃ] k[i]lāham avyativṛttaḥ iyam atra dharmatā tasmād idam ucyate ||

dṛṣṭveha rogeṇa viṣaktarūpaṃ

pāṇḍuṃ manuṣyaṃ kṛśam asvatantram

athāpratītaḥ karuṇāni dhy[ā]ti

vyādhiṃ kilāhaṃ nopātivṛtta ||

The King's Perturbation 2

atha Bandhumā rājā sārathim āmaṃtrayati

kaccit sārathe kumāra āptamanaska udyānabhūmiṃ gata abhirato vā udyāne

no deva adrākṣīd deva kumāra udyānabhūmiṃ niry[ā]yaṃ puruṣam utpāṇḍūtpāṇḍukaṃ kṛśaṃ rukṣaṃ durvarṇaṃ vya[t]ibhinnendriyaṃ no ca nibandhanīyaṃ bahujanasya cakṣuṣo darśanāya dṛṣṭvā ca punar mām āmaṃtrayati kim eṣa sārathe puruṣa utpāṇḍūtpāṇḍukaḥ kṛśa rukṣa durvarṇa vyatibhinnendriya no ca nibandhanīya bahujanasya cakṣuṣo darśanāya tam enam evaṃ vadāmi eṣa deva puruṣo vyādhito nāma sa evam āha kim eṣa sārathe vyādhito nāma tam enam evaṃ vadāmi anena deva puruṣeṇa sthān[a]m [e]tad vidyate yad anenaivābādhena martavyaṃ bhaviṣyati sa eṣa deva vyādhito nāma sa evam āha aham api sārathe vyādhidharmā vyādhidharmatāṃ cānatītaḥ [ta]m enam evaṃ vadāmi devo 'pi vyādhidharmā vyādhidharmatāṃ cānatītaḥ sa evam āha tena hi sārathe pratinivartaya ratham antaḥpuram eva gaccha yad aham antaḥpuramadhyagata etam evārthaṃ cintayiṣyāmi vyādhiṃ kilāham avyativṛttaḥ sa eṣa deva kumāra antaḥpuram[a]dhy[a]ga[taḥ] athāpratītaḥ karuṇāni dhyāti vyādhiṃ kilāham [a]vyativṛttaḥ

atha Bandhumato rājña etad abhavaṃ mā haiva brāhmaṇānāṃ naimittānāṃ pūrva[vat] iyam atra dhar[matā tasmā]d idam ucyate ||

rūpāṇi śabdāṃś ca tathaiva gandhāṃ

rasān atha sparśaguṇopapannāṃ /

dadau tataḥ kā[maguṇāṃ] h[i] p[añca]

rato h[y] asau ye[ṣu na pravrajeta ||]

Seeing a Corpse

[dharmatā] khalu Vipaśyī bodhisatva udyānabhūmiṃ niryātukāma sārathim āmaṃtrayati pūrvavad

adrākṣīd Vip[aś]y[ī bodhisatva ud]y[ānabhūmiṃ ni]ryā[yan nānāraṅgair vastraiś caila]vitānaṃ vitataṃ śivikā ca pragṛhītā ulkā ca purato nīyate mahājanakāyaś ca purato gacchati nāryaś ca prakīrṇakeśyo rudanty[aḥ] pṛṣṭhataḥ pṛ[ṣṭhataḥ sa]manubaddhā dṛṣṭvā ca punaḥ sārathim āmaṃtrayati

kim etat sārathe nānāraṅgair vastraiś cailavitānaṃ vitataṃ śivikā ca pūrvavat pṛṣṭha[taḥ] pṛṣṭh[ataḥ sama]nubaddhā

eṣa deva puruṣo mṛto nāma

kim eṣa sārathe mṛto nāma

eṣa deva puruṣo na bhūyaḥ priyau mātāpitarau drakṣyati priyam api m[ā]t[ā]pi[tarāv etaṃ] puruṣaṃ na drakṣyataḥ sa eṣa deva mṛto nāma

aham api sārathe maraṇadharmā maraṇadharmatāñ cānatītaḥ

devo 'pi maraṇadharmā maraṇadharmat[ā]ñ cānatīt[aḥ]

[tenah]i sārathe pratinivartaya ratham antaḥpuram eva gaccha yad aham antaḥpuramadhyagata etam evārthaṃ cintayiṣyāmi maraṇaṃ kilāham avyativṛttaḥ

pratinivar[taya]ti sārathī ratham antaḥpuram eva yāti tatredānī[ṃ] Vipaśyī bodhisatva antaḥpuramadhyagata

athāpratītaḥ karuṇāni dhyāti maraṇaṃ kilāham avyativṛtta iyam atra dharmatā tasmād idam ucyate ||

puruṣaṃ dṛṣṭveha vyatītacetasaṃ

mṛtaṃ visaṃjñaṃ kṛtamāyuṣakṣayam

athāpratītaḥ karuṇāni dhyāti

m[a]raṇaṃ ki[lāhaṃ] nopātivṛtta ||

The King's Perturbation 3

atha Bandhumā rājā sārathim āmaṃtrayati

kaccit sārathe kumāra āptamanaska udyānabhūmiṃ gata abhirato vā ud[y]ane no [deva] adrākṣīd deva kumāra udyānabhūmiṃ niryāyaṃ nānāraṅgair vastraiś cailavitānaṃ vitataṃ śivikā ca pūrvavad yāvat pṛṣṭhataḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ sam[a]nuba[ddhāḥ dṛṣṭvā ca] punar mām āmaṃtrayati kim etat sārathe nānāraṅgair vastraiś cailavitānaṃ vitataṃ śivikā ca pūrvavat pṛṣṭhataḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ samanubad[dh]ā [ta]m enam evaṃ va[dāmi eṣa de]va puruṣo mṛto nāma sa evam āha kim eṣa sārathe mṛto nāma tam enam evaṃ vadāmi eṣa deva puruṣo na bhūyaḥ priyau mātāpitarau drakṣyati priyam api mātāpitarau etaṃ puruṣaṃ na drakṣyata sa eṣa deva mṛto nāma sa evam āha aham api sārathe maraṇadharmā maraṇadharmatāṃ cānatītaḥ tam enam evaṃ va[dāmi] devo 'pi maraṇadharmā maraṇadharmatāṃ cānatītaḥ sa evam āha tena hi sārathe pratinivartaya ratham antaḥpuram eva gaccha yad aham antaḥpuramadhyagata et[a]m evārthaṃ cintayiṣyāmi maraṇaṃ kilāham avyativṛttaḥ sa eṣa deva kumāra antaḥpuramadhyagata athāpratītaḥ karuṇāni dhyāti maraṇaṃ kilāham avyativṛttaḥ

atha Bandhumato rājña etad abhavaṃ mā haiva brāhmaṇānāṃ naimittānāṃ pūrvavad yāvad iyam atra dharmatā tasmād idam ucyate ||

purottame nagaravare suramye

tadā Vipaśyī daharaḥ samānaḥ

āmodate kāmaguṇair hi pañcabhiḥ

sahasranetra iva Nandane vane ||

Seeing an Ascetic

dharmatā khalu Vipaśyī bodhisatva udyānabhūmiṃ niryātukāmaḥ sārathim āmaṃtrayati pūrvavad yāvad

adrākṣīd Vipaśyī bodhisatva udyānabhūmiṃ niryāyaṃ puruṣaṃ muṇḍaṃ kapālapāṇim anuveśmānuveśma kulāny upasaṃkramantaṃ dṛṣṭvā ca punaḥ sārathim āmaṃtrayati

kim eṣa sārathe puruṣa muṇḍaḥ kapālapāṇir anuveśmānuveśma kulāny upasaṃkrāmati vastrāṇi cāsya vivarṇāni na tathānyeṣām

eṣa deva pravrajito nāma

kim eṣa sārathe pravrajito nāma

eṣa deva puruṣaḥ sādhu damaḥ sādhu saṃyamaḥ sādhv arthacaryā sādhu dharmacaryā sādhu kuśalacaryā sādhu kalyāṇacaryeti keśaśmaśrūṇy avatārya kāṣāyāṇi vastrāṇy āchādya samyag eva śraddhayā agārād anagārikāṃ pravrajitaḥ sa eṣa deva pravrajito nāma /

tena hi sārathe yena sa pravrajitas tena rathaṃ preraya

evaṃ deveti sārathir Vipaśyino bodhisatvasya pratiśrutya yena sa pravrajitas tena rathaṃ prerayati /

atha Vipaśyī bodhisatvas taṃ pravrajitam idam avocat

kaḥ punas tvaṃ bhoḥ puruṣa muṇḍaḥ kapālapāṇi anuveśmānuveśma kulāny upasaṃkrāmasi vastrāṇi ca te vivarṇāni na tathānyeṣām

ahaṃ kumāra pravrajito nāma

yathā kathaṃ tvaṃ bhoḥ puruṣa pravrajito nāma /

ahaṃ kumāra sādhu damaḥ sādhu saṃyamaḥ sādhv arthacaryā sādhu dharmacaryā sādhu kuśalacaryā sādhu kalyāṇacaryeti keśaśmaśrūṇy avatārya kāṣāyāṇi vastrāṇy āchādya samyag eva śraddhayā agārād anagārikāṃ pravrajitaḥ so 'haṃ pravrajito nāma /

sādhu tvaṃ bhoḥ puruṣa arth[acaryā dha]rmac[a]ryā kuśalacaryā kalyāṇacaryeti keśaśmaśrūṇy a[va]tārya kāṣāyāṇi vastrāṇy āchādya samyag eva śraddhayā agārād anagāri[kāṃ] pr[a]vr[a]j[itaḥ]

tena hi tvaṃ sārathe imaṃ ca ratham imāni cābharaṇāni asmākaṃ jñātibhyo 'nuprayaccha aham api ca kāmaguṇāṃ prahāya ihaiva pravrajyām abhyupagamiṣyāmi iyam atra dharmatā tasmād idam ucyate ||

imaṃ rathaṃ cābharaṇāni caiva

anuprayaccha mama jñātikebhyaḥ

kṣipram ahaṃ kāma[gu]ṇāṃ prahāya

ihaiva pravrajyām upāga[m]iṣye ||

Renunciation

tatredānīṃ Vipaśyī bodhisatvo jīrṇaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā vyādhitaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā mṛtaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā kāṣāyadhāriṇaṃ pravrajitaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā p[rav]r[a]jyā[ṃ] tatra samupāgato 'sau iyam atra dharm[a]tā tasmād idam ucyate ||

jīrṇāñ ca dṛṣṭvā duḥkhitaṃ vyādhitaṃ ca

mṛtañ ca dṛṣṭvā samatītacetasam

kāṣā[ya]kaṇṭhaṃ pravrajita ca vīkṣya

tatraiva pravrajyām upāgato 'sau ||

11. Mnemonic Keywords of This Chapter

uddānam ||

dhātrī brāhmaṇa mātā ca abhirūpo manāpatā /

animiṣo vipākadharmaś ca valgusva[ra]ḥ pa[ṇḍita]ś ca udyānam ||

B. The Legend of Vipaśyin Buddha: Part Three

1. The Eighty Thousand People of Bandhumatī Renounce the World

aśrauṣur Bandhumatyāṃ rājadhānyām aśītiprāṇasahasrāṇi Vipaśyī bodhisatvaḥ keśaśmaśrūṇy avatārya kāṣāyāṇi vast[r]āṇ[y ācchā]dya samyag eva śraddhayā agārād anagārikāṃ pravraji[taḥ] śrutvā ca punar eṣām etad abhavan na batāvaro dharmo bhaviṣyati nāvaraṃ dharmākhyānaṃ [yatredānīṃ] Vipaśyī bodhisatvas tathā sukumāras tathā sukhaiṣi keśaśmaśrūṇy avatārya kāṣāyāṇi vastrāṇy āchādya samyag eva śraddhayā agārād anagārikāṃ pra[v]r[ajitaḥ]

[atha] c[a] punas te 'pi keśaśmaśrūṇy avatārya kāṣāyāṇi vastrāṇy āchādya samyag eva śraddhayā agārād anagārikāṃ p[r]av[r]a[jitāḥ] iyam a[tra] dharma[tā tasm]ā[d] i[dam ucyate ||]

[āś]caryarūpaṃ pratibhāti me tad

yāvat susaṃvejakāḥ śuddhasatvā

Vipaśyinaṃ pravrajitaṃ hi śrutvā

tatraiva pravra[jyām anuvrajanti ||]

2. The Eighty Thousand Disciples Leave on Peregrination

[a]th[āśī]t[i]r bh[ikṣusahasrāṇi yena Vipaśyī] bodhisatvas tenopajagmur upetya Vipaśyino bodhisatvasya pādau śirasā vanditvā ekānte nyaṣīdaṃn ekāntaniṣaṃṇāny aśītir bhikṣusahasrāṇi Vipaśyī bodh[isatvo dhā]rmyā kathayā sandarśayati sa[mā]dāpayati samuttejayati saṃpraharṣayati /

atha Vipaśyino bodhisatvasyaitad abhavan na mama pratirū[pa]ṃ [s]yā[d yad a]ham ananuprāptasvakārtha eva samāna śrāvakair ākīrṇo vihareyaṃ yanv ahaṃ śrāvakān udyojayeyaṃ carata bhikṣavaś caryāṃ bahuja[na]hi[tāya] bah[u]janasukhāya lokānukaṃpāya arthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanuṣyāṇāṃ yadā yūyaṃ śṛṇutha Vipaśyī bodhisatva anuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhim abhi[saṃb]u[ddho de]ś[a]yati Bandhumatyāṃ rājadhānyāṃ dharmaṃ tadā yūyam āgacchata Bandhumatyāṃ rājadhānīṃ dharmaśravaṇāya

atha Vipaśyī bodhisatva śrāvakān udyojayati carata bhikṣavaś caryāṃ pūrvavad yāvad dharmaśravaṇāya /

atha Vipaśyino bodhisatvasya śrāvakā Vipaśyinā bodhisatvenodyojitā janapadacaryāṃ prakrāntā iyam atra dharmatā tasmād idam ucyate ||

anyena te pravrajitā acārṣur

ucchena bhikṣācaryeṇa jīvikām

anyena śūro dvipadottamas tadā

eṣaty ādīptaśira iva nirvṛtim ||

3. The Bodhisattva Sits under the Bodhi Tree

atha Vipaśyī bodhisatvo yāvasikasya puruṣasya sakāśāt tṛṇāny ādāya yena bodhimūlaṃ tenopajagāma upetya svayam eva tṛṇasaṃstarakaṃ saṃstīrya nyaṣīdat paryaṃ[ga]m ābh[uj]y[a] ṛjuṃ kāyaṃ praṇidhāya pratimukhāṃ smṛtim upasthāpya cittam utpādayati vācaṃ ca bhāṣate tāvan na bhetsyāmi paryaṃkaṃ yāvad aprāptā[s]r[a]v[a]kṣ[ayaḥ]

[sa] tāvan na bhinatti paryaṅgaṃ yāvad aprāptāsravakṣaya iyam atra dharmatā tasmād idam ucyate ||

paryaṅgam ābhujya tato niṣaṇṇo

drumamūle mahar[ṣ]e[r bodhima]ṇḍe /

duḥkhaṃ jarāmaraṇam idaṃ viditvā

nirvāṇaśāntatvam ahaṃ prapadye 1

na bhinadmi paryaṃgam ahaṃ hy alabdh[v]ā

[anuttarā]ṃ bo[dhi]m anu ^ _ X ḥ

ity e[va] ^ ^ _ [Vipa]śyī

na sraṃsayati vīryam alabdhanirvṛtiḥ [2] ||

4. The Realization of Dependent Origination

The Pravṛtti Process

atha Vi[paśyino bodhisattva]syai[kākino rahasigatasya pratisaṃlīnasyaivaṃ cetasi cetaḥparivitarka uda]pādi kṛchraṃ batāyaṃ loka āpanno [ya]d [u]t[a] j[ā]yat[e] 'pi [jīryate 'pi mriyate 'pi cyavate 'py upapadyate 'pi atha ca punar ime satvā jarāmaraṇasyottare niḥsaraṇaṃ] yathābhūtaṃ na prajānanti /

tasyait[a]d [a]bhavat k[asmiṃ nu sati jarāmaraṇaṃ bhavati kiṃpratyayaṃ ca punar jarāmaraṇaṃ tasya yoniśo manasikurvata evaṃ] yathābhūtasyābhisamaya udapādi |

jā[ty]āṃ[satyāṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ bhavati jātipratyayaṃ ca punar jarāmaraṇaṃ]

[tasyaitad abhavat kasmiṃ nu sati jāti]r bhavati kiṃp[r]atyayā ca punar jāti tasya yoniśo manasikurvata evaṃ yath[ābhū]tasy[ā]bhisamaya udapādi |

bhave sati jāti[r] bha[vati bhavapratya]yā ca p[u]nar jāti

tasyaitad abhavat kasmiṃ nu sati bhavo bhavati kiṃpratyayaś c[a] punar bhavaḥ tasya yoniśo manasikurvata evaṃ yath[ābhūtasyābhisama]ya udapādi |

upādāne sati bhavo bhavati upādānapratyayaś ca punar bhavaḥ

tasyaitad abhavat kasmiṃ nu sati upādānaṃ bhavati kiṃpratyayaṃ ca punar upādān[a]ṃ tas[ya] yoniśo manasikurvata evaṃ yathābhūtasyābhisamaya udapādi |

tṛ[ṣ]ṇ[āyāṃ sa]tyām upādā[na]ṃ bhavati tṛṣṇāpratyayaṃ ca p[u]nar upādānaṃ

tasyaitad abhavat kasm[i]ṃ nu sati tṛṣṇā bhavati kiṃpratyayā ca punas tṛ[ṣ]ṇ[ā tasya yo]niśo manasikurvata evaṃ yathābh[ū]tas[y]ā[bhisamaya u]dapādi [/] vedanāyāṃ saty[ā]ṃ [tṛ]ṣṇā bhavati vedanāpratyayā ca punas tṛṣṇā

tasyaitad abhavat kasm[i]ṃ nu sa[ti vedanā bhava]ti [ki]ṃ[p]r[a]ty[a]y[ā] ca punar vedan[ā] tasya yo[ni]ś[o] man[asiku]rvata evaṃ yathābhūtasyābhisamaya udapādi |

sparśe sati ved[a]nā bh[avati s]parśapratyayā ca punar vedanā /

tasyaitad abhavat ka[smiṃ nu sati] sparśo bhava[ti] kiṃpratyayaś ca puna sparśaḥ tasya yon[i]śo manasikurvata evaṃ yathābhūtasyābhisamaya [udapādi |]

[ṣaḍāyatane sa]ti sparśo bhavati ṣaḍāyatanapratyayaś ca puna sparśaḥ